Definition of Machine Design
The subject of Machine Design involves the creation of new and improved machines, as well as enhancing existing ones. A new or improved machine is one that demonstrates greater economy in both production and operation costs. The design process is intricate and time-consuming.
Starting with an exploration of existing ideas, a novel concept must be conceived. This idea is then meticulously evaluated with an eye on its potential commercial success. Subsequently, it's given shape and form through detailed drawings. During the creation of these drawings, careful consideration is given to the availability of resources in terms of finances, manpower, and materials required to successfully bring the new concept to fruition.
Designing a machine component necessitates a robust understanding of various subjects, including Mathematics, Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Theory of Machines, Workshop Processes, and Engineering Drawing.
Classification of Machine Design
| Type of Design | Description |
|---|---|
| Adaptive Design | Involves minor alterations or modifications to existing designs by designers with ordinary technical training. |
| Development Design | Requires scientific training and design ability to modify existing designs into new ideas using new materials or methods. |
| New Design | Demands research, technical ability, and creative thinking; undertaken by designers with exceptional skills. |
Design Classification based on Methods
| Design Approach | Description |
|---|---|
| Rational Design | Depends on mathematical formulas and principles of mechanics. |
| Empirical Design | Relies on practical experience and past knowledge, using empirical formulae. |
| Industrial Design | Considers manufacturing aspects, focusing on efficient production of machine components. |
| Optimum Design | Seeks the best design under specific constraints by minimizing undesirable effects. |
| System Design | Designing complex mechanical systems, such as motor cars. |
| Element Design | Designing specific mechanical elements like pistons, crankshafts, etc. |
| Computer-Aided Design (CAD) | Uses computer systems to assist in design creation, modification, analysis, and optimization. |
